Relay-Proof Channels Using UWB Lasers
نویسندگان
چکیده
Consider the following situation: Alice is a hand-held device, such as a PDA. Bob is a device providing a service, such as an ATM, an automatic door, or an anti-aircraft gun pointing at the gyro-copter in which Alice is travelling. Bob and Alice have never directly met before, but share a key as a result of secure hand-offs. Alice has used this key to request a service from Bob (dispense cash, open door, don’t shoot). Before complying, Bob needs to be sure that it really is Alice that he can see in front of him, and not Mort. Mort and her accomplice Cove are planning a wormhole attack along classic man-in-the-middle lines. They wait until Alice is in a situation where she expects to be challenged by Bob, and then Mort pretends to Bob that she is Alice, while Cove pretends to Alice that he is Bob. Mort and Cove relay the appropriate challenges and responses to one another over a channel hidden from Alice and Bob, in order to allow the dual masquerade to succeed, following which Alice waits impatiently in front of a different ATM, or the wrong door, or another gun. How can such an attack be prevented? Obviously it suffices if Alice and Bob both have a secure way of identifying their (relative) location to sufficient accuracy. But how can they do this? Suppose that we could enclose Bob inside a Platonic Faraday cage, which blocks all information-bearing signals, not just the RF ones. At the end of the protocol run, Bob could be confident that Alice was also inside the Faraday cage. Provided the Platonic Faraday cage was of sufficiently small size and shape to satisfy the appropriate proximity requirement, Bob could proceed. One way of providing such a Platonic Faraday cage is to use the laws of physics: for example distance-bounding protocols use the fact that the speed of light is finite. In this position paper, we argue that the laws of information theory can be used instead. The key insight is that it doesn’t matter if the Platonic Faraday cage leaks some information, provided the amount of information that Mort and Cove need to exchange is greater. Previous work in this direction has relied upon restricting the rate at which Mort and Cove can communicate, essentially using a variant of covert channel analysis to reduce the rate of leakage. We propose the converse approach, using Ultra Wide Band (UWB) lasers to transfer so much information from Bob to
منابع مشابه
Outage Probability Bound and Diversity Gain for Ultra-Wideband Multiple-Access Relay Channels with Correlated Noises
In this paper, Ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple access relay channel with correlated noises at the relay and receiver is investigated. We obtain outer and inner bounds for the IEEE 802.15.3a UWB multiple access relay channel, and also, a diversity gain bound. Finally, we evaluate some results numerically and show that noise correlation coefficients play important role in determining relay position.
متن کاملExtension of the Coverage Region of Multiple Access Channels by Using a Relay
From practical and theoretical viewpoints, performance analysis of communication systems by using information-theoretic results is important. In this paper, based on our previous work on Multiple Access Channel (MAC) and Multiple Access Relay Channel (MARC), we analyze the impact of a relay on the fundamental wireless communications concept, i.e., coverage region of MARC, as a basic model for u...
متن کاملPolarization of Multi-Relay Channels: A Suitable Method for DF and CF Relaying with Orthogonal Receiver
Polar codes, that have been recently introduced by Arikan, are one of the first codes that achieved the capacity for vast numerous channels and they also have low complexity in symmetric memoryless channels. Polar codes are constructed based on a phenomenon called channel polarization. This paper discusses relay channel polarization in order to achieve the capacity and show that if inputs of tw...
متن کاملPerformance Analysis of Two Hops Amplify and Forward Relay Based System for Ofdm and Single Carrier Communications
This paper analyses the bit error rate (BER) and capacity behaviour of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and cyclic prefix based single carrier (CP-SC) systems using amplify and forward relay (AF) with two hops wireless channel type 1 ( Rayleigh-AF-UWB) and channel type 2 (Exponentially decaying multipath-AF-UWB). We consider Saleh-Venezuela [SV] channels-CM1, CM2, CM3 and CM4 f...
متن کاملOutage Probability Bound and Diversity Gain for Ultra-Wideband Multiple-Access Relay Channels with Correlated Noises
Manuscript Received 23-October-2012 and revised 16-Janaury-2013 ISSN: 2322-4088 Accepted on daymonth-year Abstract— In this paper, Ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple access relay channel with correlated noises at the relay and receiver is investigated. We obtain outer and inner bounds for the IEEE 802.15.3a UWB multiple access relay channel, and also, a diversity gain bound. Finally, we evaluate som...
متن کاملBounds for Multiple-Access Relay Channels with Feedback via Two-way Relay Channel
In this study, we introduce a new two-way relay channel and obtain an inner bound and an outer bound for the discrete and memoryless multiple access relay channels with receiver-source feedback via two-way relay channel in which end nodes exchange signals by a relay node. And we extend these results to the Gaussian case. By numerical computing, we show that our inner bound is the same with o...
متن کامل